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I think that is entirely up to what is most pleasing to your eye. It's the total intensity that will effect your plants one way or the other. A disclaimer, I do know some people are saying that for example, high blue light causes algae but for our intents and purposes I can't really see that...

i understand thats the right way to go. but like i said, my main filter which is an 800L/hr one seems to not have the enough output to push the flow to the other side. hence, why i set it up like that. but ive never tried to set 2 of my outputs in a way that they complement with each other. im...

this is how ive come up with my setup. but i just dont have anybody where im from to ask if im doing exactly the right thing. i love green aqua. their videos are superb.

I have some trident fern in there too and some of the tips are turning that dark green colour too.

Hi Darrell, it’s tricky to get decent full plant shots, it’s not a big plant as I trimmed the biggest bits off as it was too big for the tank. It’s only like day 4 of a brand new set up and I’m doing 50% + water changes daily. My lighting is twin star 450s v4 set at about 50-60% brightness, but...

right, there's always co2 wasted and the best way to look if theres a problem is to observe plant growth. but i think what im asking is, is my setup not wasting anymore than what is given to be wasted? or is it? all my plants are doing just fine except, for my rotala hras. my rotala blood red...

Hi all, It isn't melting as such, more bleaching. Can we have a full plant shot? I assume it is Bolbitis heudelotii, but <"it does look a little strange">. cheers Darrel

see thats what i thought so too when i noticed the problem. it seems to not have the right dimensions/proportions. this is a knock off/made in china btw. bought it from online platform similar to amazon. also, ive tried checking if there's a problem by lifting it up while running, it seems to be...

Hi all, Is this change in colouration melting occurring? Or is it the plant adapting to submerged? Many thanks

No I think just trim it

Interestingly in Singapore antibiotics for humans and pets cannot be purchased over the counter and are prescription only. But somehow we can buy medicine for fish that contain metronidazole, kanamycin, erythromycin and the like at pet shops.

Hi all, What did you test it with? <"Dissolved Oxygen meters work">, but are expensive bits of kit. The <"test kits they sell"> are just a mechanism for transferring your money to them. cheers Darrel

Hi all, Antibiotics (for both human and pet health) can't be bought over the counter in the UK, they are prescription only. I wholly agree with this, as there is an almost perfect correlation between <"antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance">. In the UK we still <"have the farming issue">...

This is just another photograph of the tank. Nothing has changed since the last full tank shot but almost all my Corydoras were out chilling so I took a picture: 20240604_225714 by Lenny Lim, on Flickr Four Corydoras sterbai on the left, the 5th one was in the middle of the tank but swam away...

Thank you, these are perfect guidelines! I see several individuals with dark spots before their anal fins, and many of these have the coloration you described as well. One interesting thing is that my brightest, most orange, and shiniest individual has the anal spot you described. Now I'm...

Time to pull the carpet and replant? Not healthy underneath as ive let it grow to thick! 2 inch's now and should of kept it lower.... Should be fun 🤔

9 times out of ten I do mine in the last 1 1/2 half hours of the photoperiod after CO2 has switched off so as I can see what I'm doing in the tank i.e. cleaning the glass, removing any organic debris from the substrate surface, removing any senesced leaves etc... Occasionally when a visit to the...

Thank you! Yeah I did get a bit concerned after finding out that metronidazole is an antibiotic. I used it a couple of times because I didn't want to accidentally create something resistant to it. I do think it will help get rid of some parasites but not worms specifically. I probably won't be...

Welcome, and you'll not be in better hands if you are heeding AG's advice.

There are a few differences between males and females for this fish. I think the most obvious one is in the colouration of the abdomen. In females, the front of the abdomen is white or cream coloured. In males the white-spotted blue colouration covers the entire abdomen. Females also have...

Hi all, That is one of the (many) advantages of UKAPS. we have a number of in depth threads, on a <"wide range of subjects">. Rather than just being an <"echo-chamber">, where <"facts"> are endlessly recycled, <"we've talked to scientists"> and we've <"developed techniques"> that make...

Hi all, That sounds about right, the mark up on <"aquarium fertilisers"> is eye watering <"TNC Complete">. This is from the <"IFC calculator">. cheers Darrel

Hi all, Boiling tap water will remove bicarbonate (HCO3-), also known as dKH or "temporary hardness", from the water, as long as it is strained into a fresh container while still very hot - <"Anyone have fert list to make 2hr aquarist APT Complete please.">. Depending on the calcium (Ca)...

That's a mahoosive amount of reading, but I'm enjoying working my way through it! For the Solufeed mix, initial outlay is £36 which makes about 15L of mix (with TEC Sodium Free left over). At 60ml a week that should last about 5 years unless I've miscalculated! This might be the way I go...

Do these quantities look OK to get started (attached pic). If I understand correctly that will make 1L of micronutrients - unsure how much macronutrients this will make as the guide refers to "tea spoons" rather than grams - would you be in a position to advise? 1L of micronutrients would last...

Thanks for your kind words :D It's not the sharp precise aquascape, but I'm enjoying its own messy jungly vibe. Anyone else enjoy the view when sitting on the floor looking up into their tank?

I got a set of 10 celestial pearl danios about a week ago. They were thin and pale when I first got them, so I couldn't figure out their sexes. Now that they've brightened up a bit, I'm... concerned. Please tell me that I didn't get 100% male celestial pearl danios! Also let me apologize...

Please keep us updated! De-wormers are nerites are such a chore. Thank you for reporting in!

Since no one has answered you yet, I figure I could give it a shot. Please know I am a novice hobbyist, so my practical knowledge is limited. My strength is that I am a molecular biologist and I can access, read, and understand scientific literature... so I guess, I can tell you what papers say...

I love that wood, looks like a tree stump in an enchanted forest. Tank looks stunning. I would say you have achieved 'lush'

Gorgeous tank and I love those green neons!

Spot the newest baby Cory....I really wish I knew how so many are surviving 😂 it's becoming an issue

I find all the easy plants explode in my tap water, they grow so fast but I've not tried anything but easy plants and I don't use co2. Java moss is a real issue here, it seems to love the hard water and is growing at a pace that it really shouldn't. It's a pain in the blahblahblahblah lol I'm currently...

Thank you! I've done another two 40% changes today and the planaria and hydra seem to be gone. Most of the bigger ramshorns I missed are still trucking, but from what I've read there can be a delayed reaction. One of my juvenile lamp-eyes has developed some red spots and is a bit lethargic...

Yes, it definitely raises the questions about long term risks of compact soil/substrate. I would suspect it might take a fairly long time (perhaps years?) for enough organic waste etc. to accumulate deep in the substrate with reduced oxygen levels and in turn enough H2S formation before it...

And the high level of phosphate gave me the GDA result.

All the outputs should complement each other to increase the flow which will then go to the bottom of the tank. Your outputs are all fighting against each other in the middle of the tank (you can even see how far the bubbles reach before the battle begins in middle of your tank) which will...

Once upon a time, he always had GSA in his aquarium, even I added 15ppm of phosphate, but I still bought GSA. It makes sense to keep the phosphate low. Of course, when did the iron go above 0.1ppm? Even though I didn't take it in the aquarium glasses, I bought GSA in the plants. I think the main...

Quite possibly I've been way too skimpy on my micro dosing for quite a while (in this tank I use NilocG Plantex CSM+B) - it seems to work for the other plants though as I only see this anomaly on the old Anubias leaves. The tank is very densely planted with Anubias, Swords, Crypts, Buces and an...

Mate I just bought chihiros wrgb 2 from aliexpress it was 45 cm one for £108 I think the 60cm version is 150ish and the light is great, does come with eu plug though 93.69ï¿¡ 73% OFF|Chihiros WRGB II 2 Full Specturn Water Plant LED Light Upgrade RGB Built in Bluetooth APP Control for Aquarium...

Hi. I am UK based and new to dry salts and I have been getting mine in relatively small sized batches so far from Aqua Plants Care . I have been following the EI approach for my 200L tank and their site includes recommendations for EI mixing ratios Estimative Index Fertilization Method EI in...

Brands of lights don't " cause" algae. Mostly a nutrient imbalance between the 3 "nutrients" ..light quantity, CO2, and fertilizers. Any dimmable led alows you to control the amount of " nutrients".. Assuming a 20gal tank 24x12x12.. You have a lot of choices. More will depend on what you want...

Perfect. Thanks @Koaan!

Something like this: designed to roll and not flip. If you can't find one of these in a size that fits your can, maybe swap out your can for a smaller can that fits?

Hi all, I think that is the only explanation, what I'm not sure about is why are conditions amenable to H2S formation? There doesn't seem to be the input of nutrients that might provide a substrate and then reduce oxygen levels low enough to produce ORP values at a level for sulphide formation...

this is not an easy diagnosis because first of all these symptoms can be caused by several factors other than nutrients Deficiencies/Toxicities. you also have to look at other plants as well and see if they are also suffering from similar symptoms. if we were to guess which Deficiency is seen...

So is your question about what to buy/mix, or where to buy it? Any garage or supermarket. It's important to avoid any possible reactions between your salts and what's in the tap water, so best to use distilled.

A few more weeks on now, tank is at around the 2 month mark. Gladly I've passed the ugly diatoms stage from the pictures in the previous post and all is looking well again. Everything seems to be growing nicely and so far so good on the algae front. I've had a little bit of GSA on the glass and...

Hello hello This thread is great, and since I just set up a UGF I decided to join, as to add more info. I set up using the same fabric method as @Oldguy did: But I use a geo fabric, that is used around street drainage pipes, that allows water flow out of the cement pipes through the soil, but...

This thread was started due to lack of information online (or better say conflicting information) on how nerites tolerate levamisole. Hence I decided to use this post to share my experience with this medication in my tank in hope it helps someone. The aquarium: Capacity: 250L Inhabitants...

The way I read this @Serenade4 has concerns that H2S is forming naturally in anoxic zones of the substrate.

Hi all, Welcome to UKAPS, In terms of <"value for money"> you just need to stay away from anything pre-diluted and / or <"aimed specifically at the aquarium market">. I've always used a <"horticultural fertiliser">, but not very scientifically, @Happi has done all the hard work in <"Solufeed...

Not here! Keep it coming! Thanks for sharing

Hi all, Apologies if was discussed before. My CO2Art regulator seems to develop a small leak that empties a 2kg bottle in about 24h. I verified all connections with soapy water and no bubbles. As test I connected the regulator to a new bottle and pressurised both low and high presure sides...

When my daughter asks me what I'm doing my stock answer is "flooding the house".

I wouldn't really worry too much about it if you are going straight from tap to tank, tap water typically has fairly decent levels of dissolved CO2 anyway.

+1 to this - the best time to change water is when it is most convenient for you to do it, otherwise you simply won't stick to the schedule long term and will end up missing water changes. Water changes are essential, but lets be honest, they're a complete PITA. I set stuff up to automate all...

Ya, I’ve got no issue doing them. What I was wondering is when in the day is the best time to do it with regards to co2 dosing, ferts, photoperiod. New tank doing water changes daily, I’ve been doing them about an hour after photoperiod and 2hr after co2 ends. Ideally I’d like to do them while...

Hi all, I'd like to start mixing my own fertiliser for a 180L heavily planted tank. I've read loads of threads on here and elsewhere, but wanted something really simple: I'm in the UK - what's the best place to buy the dry ferts (links welcome). By "best" I mean quality and value for money...

I usually make a huge mess, so I try to time WC when my missus is out of the house :D

Changing water is like exercising. There may be small benefits to one time or another, but the real trick is showing up and doing them consistently. Better to work them into your schedule as painlessly as possible so they actually get done.

size : 60 x 30 cm I don't have a budget limit thank you

Hi all, It would probably depend on how <"physically stable it is">. I use silica sand and potentially that remains "good" eternally. I'm not a vacuum fan, but it would be difficult with fairly fine sand any way. This is what Dr Stephan Tanner says: <"Aquarium Biofiltration - SWISSTROPICALS">...

So does all substrate have a finite life in a tank? Would vacuuming help (although I always thought that would remove nutrients and disturbing it might cause HS to be released)?

Only problem I can see with that filter inlet is that it doesn't reach the surface to give you surface agitation.

Welcome back from another Herts resident. Your aquariums look great. Plant growth looks to be impressive, I find it quite a challenge with our rock hard water.

Great effort, looks really good :)

Currently I’ve got co2 on at 08:30 and lights on at 10:30. So I’d be cutting fine too lol.. but I may move the photo period a little later in the day at some point. The mrs is struggling to get used to the rainbow prism effect on everything in the living room from the twin star 450s. So I have...

Would be to early for me, mine starts at 8am 😁

...any H2S. You need to add about 1 - 3 mg / L H2O2 per 1 mg / L H2S. <"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2175/106143015X14362865225951">* * If the link stops working the reference is Chan & Farahbakhsh (2015) "Oxygen Demand of Fresh and Stored Sulfide Solutions and Sulfide-Rich...

Looks excellent! Some of the moss in my tank grew emersed really well.

Welcome and nice tank!

It can be done but will take ages. You would also have the right water pH and substrate to help the plants along.

Just sharing a picture of my Corydoras caudimaculatus shortly after I acquired them I bought 5, but I haven't seen all 5 of them in recent days. I did rearrange the scape a bit recently, a little worried that one of them might be stuck under some hardscape but should be very unlikely since...

Hello hello. So its been 20 days since the setup. The aquarium plants are thriving, fish are delivering their fry. The pH from day one to now went from 7,2 to 7,6. But it stopped there more than week ago. So I'm quite sure it was the boulder that I place on top of my driftwood that was slowly...

Waterbox Eden range?

...to under-estimate your aquarium volume by ~20% for hardscape and substrate volume by multiplying the tank volume by 0.8): ((Aquarium Volume (L) * 0.8) / 39 L) * 0.1 (g) = Panacur C (g) In my case, my aquarium is ~57 L, so ((57 L * 0.8 )/ 39 L)* 0.1 g = 0.116 g Panacur C 0.116 g is a very...

Yes John I think your right.. strangely it’s only some of my Anubias - nothing on my swords, crypts, buces etc. must say some of these leaves are really old, quite frankly … perhaps the leaves are just being retired from old age to give room for new growth. Cheers, Michael

I have a roma cabinet for my 2 rimless aquariums and I hate it, so small inside and not tall enough either, sienna looks nicer though.

Hydrogen sulfide is toxic, so if the substrate was disturbed and released a lot of H2S in principle that could have contributed to the killing.

I'm guessing if this is only effecting old leaves we can rule out iron and manganese because neither are very mobile in the plant. Potassium? not sure but it's a possibility.

Mini update following an enthusiastic trim. Somewhat suddenly spotted this rather large leaved water lettuce (?) that's been growing nicely. I'm still removing floating plants on a more than weekly basis just to keep the surface clear enough for some light below. Using some CO2 tubing to create...

Great thank you! I’ll switch to morning once my wc schedule slows down. Appreciate the advice. Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk

Yellowing/pale could be iron nitrogen or even low co2 , is your water hard?

I think the consensus is to do it before co2 and light period and I have seen, better results since I switched to do wc in the morning

Well I do really enjoy doing maintenance on my tank so I take my time and it takes me roughly 2-3h once a week on 160L tank (despite my wife moaning about how long it takes me 😀) So because CO2 saturation is important only during photoperiod that’s why I tend to do maintenance at the end of it...

Hey! Interesting, I’m new to co2 and it didn’t make sense to me to remove co2 saturated water, but if it’s close to end of co2 injection then I guess it doesn’t really matter. I’ve got a lot to learn about how co2 works. Sent from my iPhone using Tapatalk

I have no experience i am afraid , but dont the jewel tanks had the filter in the corner of the tank? i remember seeing a video about how to cut it all out which is what i think you will possibly end up doing? maybe they have changed the design now, i dont know. But they used to really popular...

Thank you 🙏

Hey there I do mine when I have time but often that is about 2 - 3 hours before photoperiod ends and 5 - 6 hours after ferts dosing . Also it’s very close to the end of CO2 injection. My only concern is to do it either before dosing ferts or after good few hours after dosing ferts. Cheers

HAHA i really enjoyed that. Welcome back. Nice tanks!! Si

Well, I spent all my money on tank gear and neglected to get a small pump to do water changes with… my mixer tap is too hit and miss with temp so can’t run a hose direct. Currently I’m hand balling jugs back into the tank 😂😂😂🤦‍♂️ got a pump and some tubing coming tomorrow 🥵 Once I get it down...

good question. i do mine in the morning as well. but i do remember on set up doing it every day after work for a week etc. the great thing about doing this is that its like training. i got so good at a nippy WC no probs!

This is a brand new set up, only day 2 going into day 3. I’m water changing daily 1st week. Once I settle into a routine I think that make sense to do it before lights on. Thanks

Thanks Ajm, agree that's the most helpful video / review I've seen of it so far. Thanks Si, I do like it. I don't mind the ribbed pipes, I had it on my old Fluval 406 and it didn't cause trouble, mind you I never cleaned them either so who knows what was lurking beneath... Don't know if anyone...

Welcome! :)

Hello, I noticed that some of my really old Anubias leaves are developing what looks like deficiency symptoms? It's all those yellowing dots / patches I am talking about and I only see it on old leaves - new growth looks excellent. I'm dosing very lean in my low-tech tanks, so I suspect I...

I prefer to do mine in the morning before I dose the tank with ferts and the co2 turns on. Sent from my SM-S918B using Tapatalk

Hi, What’s the consensus on when the best time to do water changes is? I’m in the first week of daily 50% water changes. Photoperiod is 10.30 - 18.30, Co2 running from 8.30 - 17.30. I did the first one last night after lights out, I didn’t want to mess about while the tank is saturated with...

It's all about enjoying wot we do