Hi!
You have tow options, like in aqvarium.
First, you need a fertil substrate, that can also be two different kind:
1. On the bottom of the bowl, over the gravel layer, you may add a long term fertil substrate covered by a subtstrate for planting.
2. Over the gravel from the bottom, you can add an universal fertilizer substrate, that is also the substrate for planting.
In my wabi kusa I choose second method, using a higher universal substrate (Tropica Aqvarium Soil) because I used a lot of HC, with very delicate roots.
Then, regarding periodical fertilization, each time when I changed the water from my 100 liters tank, I kept 1 litter of water (containing liquid fertilizers from the water) and, each day, I have sprayed the plants with this water. But, this will work only if you have inside the bowl a high humidity and plants are constantly covered with condensed water. There are people that try this and they burned the leaves, using high concentration of liquid fertilizers and applying directly on the plants. Not working this way.