Yes and no, it all depends on the plant sp. some are absolute fert hogs especialy the faster growing plants. Also bulb plants are extreme fert hoges,
Take for example the Potato, this plants depeletes the soil that heavily a farmer never grows it constantly on the same field, needs to remineralize a previous Potato field with green manure and grow something else less demanding on it again for a seaon or 2 to give the soil a chance to recover.
Next to this terrestrial plants have non limited access to CO² (400ppm) there for can grow much faster, thus utilize much more fertilizer from the soil.
Terrestrial plants that are forced to grow aqautic only have a fraction of this CO² available, depending if you add it or not between 1ppm and 30ppm.
This significantly slows down its grow process. If you would give the plant an equal amount of ferts it can not utlize it and you create an eutrophic aquatic invironmnet that doesn't benefit the development of a healthy aqautic eco system. Eutrophic conditions deplete oxygen, the nitrifying bacteria etc. needed to fight eutrophy have a high oxigen demand.
Other difference is, because of the much higher metabolisme in plants from a non aqautic condition, there also is no oxygen limitation for the bacteria in the soil. There for will be pressent in higher numbers able to work harder. Now fertilizer for terrestrial plants contains Urea and Ammonia based nitrogen source. The plant itself and the bacteria in the soil will have no problem converting this to usefull building blocks.
In an aqauric invironment Urea and Ammonia is highly toxic to aqautic lifeforms. Since it needs a high oxygen demand to readily convert this to N and since oxygen is a limited source in an aqautic invironment this stuff will accumulate to toxic levels and killl all your fish.
Thus the fundamental difference in the recomended fertilizer is more aimed towards the safety of the life stock living next to plants in the water.
This is about it in a nutshell..