I have references from TFH going back to 1962 using DIY CO2 and to the 1940-1950's growing algae in enriched culture using CO2 gas.
It's well over 30 years old in the hobby using gas tanks. 1985 or so was the first gas tank system I saw from Dupla, but they had bene using it a few years prior.
That's 24 years ago.
In the hobby, at least 47 years ago documented.
Regards,
Tom Barr